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Black Sea Grain Initiative

03 Aug 2023 Zinkpot 212
Black Sea Grain Initiative
  1. The Black Sea Grain Initiative is a grain export deal signed by Ukraine and Russia in July 2022.
  2. This deal provides for a safe humanitarian corridor for the export of Ukrainian grains through the Black Sea to address the issue of rising food prices due to the geopolitical conflict faced by Ukraine because of its invasion by Russia.
  3. Ukraine is among the largest exporters of wheat, maize, rapeseeds, sunflower seeds, and sunflower oil globally. Its access to the deep sea ports in the Black Sea enables it to directly approach Russia, Europe, and grain importers from the Middle East and North Africa.
  4. Black Sea is a crucial geographical feature because it is an inland sea between Eastern Europe and Western Asia, which facilitates exports and imports of agricultural products.
  5. This initiative allows for commercial food exports from three Ukrainian ports in the Black Sea - Odesa, Chornomorsk, and Yuzhny/Pivdennyi after inspection that they were not carrying any arms.
  6. A Joint Coordination Centre was established under this initiative to monitor the implementation of the deal. It comprises senior representatives from Russia, Ukraine, Turkey, and the United Nations.
  7. Its role is to enable the safe transportation by merchant ships of grain and other foodstuffs and fertilizers from three key Ukrainian ports in the Black Sea to the rest of the world.
  8.  As per the June report nearly 32 million tonnes of mostly corn and wheat have been exported by Ukraine under the deal.
  9. The Black Sea Grain Deal expired on July 17th and Russia has not agreed to renew the deal, citing unmet promises and difficulties in its own agricultural exports due to Western sanctions.
  10. While there is no direct restriction on Russia’s agricultural products, the country says barriers on payment platforms, insurance, shipping, and other logistics are hampering its exports
  11. Russia has also said that it had agreed to the grain deal in order to help ensure global food security but Ukraine has since exported mainly to high and middle-income countries.
     

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